DNA Test Showing Mother and Father's Genes in a Match (Phasing) With GedMatch

Nadene Goldfoot                                         

My children have had a familyfinder DNA test with Family Tree DNA  as well as myself. The test results have been also transferred to GedMatch.com.  There are more tools there to use. 

I've just discovered a tool at GedMatch that I hadn't tried before, and it's called PHASING.  I find that one of my children have a match with someone, and I can find out through phasing what segments came from me or their father.  It's great.  I've seen (recombination) occur where a segment from me can be in the middle of their father's longer segment on one of our 23 chromosomes.  I've also seen segments from their maternal and paternal side and segments that are unknown.  Evidently not all can be identified.

What I've done is change the given 7 cMs on the tool to a 1cMs to catch any under 7cMs.  They do not appear to be random numbers to me, as I have 2 children and can triangulate even these teeny segments between 3 people; my 2 children and the 3rd party they happen to match. 

I can see that 2 very small matches happen to come from the maternal side. 
#10 chromosome shows 2.5cMs of which 1.9 came from the maternal side. 
#  3 chromosome shows 1.8 cMs of which  1.3 came from the maternal side.
It was a very big surprise to find that both of us parents matched this person.  It's not a common thing to happen. 

We all have 23 chromosomes.  They are numbered, with the numbers on the left side of the chart below.  A segment of DNA has a start and and end, just like measuring a candy bar's length, only it's measured in centimorgans, not inches.  I ignore the SNPs.  I'm not concerned with that in phasing.

Notice that #3 and #10 's origins are from the child's maternal side, found with the phasing tool. 

Chr	Start Location	End Location	Centimorgans (cM)	SNPs
1	1,876,379	18,645,558	38.1	4,724
1	188,809,934	193,835,006	3.6	864
2	8,674	3,778,258	6.0	1,149
2	23,392,137	38,674,026	16.9	4,001
2	113,275,385	128,834,685	15.1	3,229
2	168,111,926	169,744,512	3.1	576
3	11,105,342	30,861,158	25.4	5,356
3	78,677,509	84,921,184	1.8	829
3	136,606,065	140,176,161	1.8	547
3	163,745,440	199,167,820	55.5	7,265
4	61,566	4,218,034	5.6	726
6	93,946,897	106,930,907	10.3	2,377
6	147,057,473	152,505,181	9.9	1,684
7	70,819,128	75,761,995	4.2	555
8	8,745,380	10,159,725	1.6	510
10	25,864,711	63,890,837	29.6	7,818
10	72,905,814	76,660,191	2.5	714
10	86,056,820	103,078,673	16.4	4,455
11	11,432,403	74,203,500	61.7	14,070
12	61,880	3,586,646	9.4	1,029
12	20,528,868	21,454,411	1.6	563
12	124,351,087	131,507,619	26.1	2,681
15	59,887,798	70,422,883	15.2	2,419
15	72,276,260	75,654,737	1.7	512
15	76,495,987	91,365,772	23.4	3,963
16	10,264,641	16,872,606	11.4	1,712
16	64,455,388	67,182,754	1.3	603
16	81,737,646	88,668,978	20.5	3,023
18	29,646,321	68,648,238	47.5	9,936
19	14,504,499	16,010,033	2.4	582
20	44,034,700	62,374,274	47.2	5,908
22	34,988,801	49,528,625	34.9	4,477

Here is the match from the child's paternal side.  

Chr	Start Location	End Location	Centimorgans (cM)	SNPs
1	1,943,926	18,595,078	37.7	4,652
2	8,674	3,771,940	6.0	1,138
2	23,572,528	38,674,026	16.8	3,915
2	113,275,385	128,743,705	14.9	3,191
3	11,105,342	30,711,555	25.2	5,263
3	165,498,710	199,167,820	54.9	7,006
4	61,566	4,218,034	5.6	723
6	93,946,897	106,930,907	10.3	2,357
6	147,368,327	152,485,082	9.7	1,596
10	25,864,711	63,738,349	29.5	7,716
10	86,519,932	102,954,502	15.9	4,285
11	11,482,000	74,096,811	61.5	13,912
12	61,880	3,586,646	9.4	1,024
12	124,351,087	131,338,907	25.9	2,648
15	59,887,798	70,422,883	15.2	2,402
15	77,050,876	91,365,772	22.5	3,829
16	10,264,641	16,867,138	11.3	1,694
16	81,789,554	88,668,978	20.3	2,962
18	29,661,524	68,648,238	47.5	9,854
19	14,546,934	16,010,033	2.3	564
20	44,034,700	62,374,274	47.2	5,876
22	34,988,801	49,528,625	34.9	4,433

Here is the report from the maternal side.  There was a match, a surprise but very very small.  

Chr	Start Location	End Location	Centimorgans (cM)	SNPs
3	79,489,209	84,921,184	1.3	689
10	73,201,075	76,660,191	1.9	544

I'd suggest that parents have their children tested, too.  It's always best to start with the oldest person in a family, though, and then you can always get the rest tested later.  The lucky children will benefit because then they will see what genes came from which parents.  Someday, we may even find out what these genes have created in us, such as:  intelligence, diseases, coloring, etc. 

Hampshire and the First Henwood, A Saxon; History and Ydna

Nadene Goldfoot                                            

There are about 8,546 people in the world bearing Henwood as a surname.  They are living in England, the USA, Canada, South Africa and Australia 

Could it be that the first Henwood was Hengist, a Saxon?  Saxons came from Saxony in NW Germany who had settled in southern England where I found Henwood ancestors in Hampshire.  The tribe of the ATREBATES had lived in Hampshire.  "This was a British Celtic tribe occupying modern Berkshire and Hampshire, along with areas of West Sussex, western Surrey, and north-east Wiltshire." "Closely related to the north-western Gaulish tribe of Atrebates, they were at their most powerful in the first and second centuries BC. The name Atrebates means 'settlers' or 'inhabitants.'"
                                                                               

The Saxons' entrance happened in or just after 410 AD.  What had happened was was a leader of the British at that time, Vortigern,  invited the Saxon Hengist to protect him against some Picts of Scotland who were attacking him. "Hengist (or Hengest) and Horsa (or Hors) are figures of Anglo-Saxon history, which records the two as the Germanic brothers who led the Angle, Saxon, Frisian, and Jutish armies that conquered the first territories of Britain in the 5th century. Tradition lists Hengist (through his son, whose name varies by source) as the founder of the Kingdom of Kent.  The shingle beaches of Kent have yielded to the keels of Saxon warships.  

Vortigern was a treacherous tribal chieftain.  After the death of the rightful king, Constantine, Vortigern  needed to protect himself against a coming war, so had recruited this outside help.  He sighted the 3 ships in the Channel that were manned by the Saxon leader, Hengist who had been sent to seek settlements of their own.  Their homeland was no longer able to support them.  This happened at least once every 7 years.  They were promised land on which to settle for their military support and they would in return also get part of Lincolnshire, but then Vortigern wanted Hengist's daughter, Rowena in marriage.  In return he would give Hengist the earldom of Kent.  The Earl of Kent of course was not happy to hear about this! 

 The Britons were so angry when they heard about this offer that they made Vortimer, Vortigern's son from his 1st wife,  their king and expelled the Saxons from the shores.  Rowena was so angry that she ordered Vortimer to be poisoned and Vortigern is made king once more.  Hengist calls together many British earls and barons under Vortigern's patronage to  plan a peaceful blending into their societies  of his Saxons in Britain. 

 Everyone came unarmed.  Hengist  was treacherous and had his men carry a long knife hidden in their clothing.  At his signal,  the Saxons pulled out their knives and killed the Briton standing next to him.  Vortigern is banished by the Saxons to Wales and they took possession of England.   This is considered mythology and not accurate history of how the Saxons arrived and was completely transformed in later centuries.  .  

The monk, Gildas, was a recorder of history in about 540 with his "THE RUIN OF BRITAIN" and wrote, still showing hatred of Saxons, "To hold back the northern peoples, they introducted into the island the vile unspeakable Saxons, hated of God and man alike....of their own free will, they invited in under the same roof the enemy they feared worse than death."

Much later,  the West Saxons of Wessex , in a division of the southern part of Britain, divided southern
Britain into Hampshire, Wiltshire and Dorset.

The Saxons were different from the "barbarians" who finally defeated the Roman Empire within Europe.  The Saxons came from well outside the frontiers of the Empire and had completely different customs and social organizations to emphasize kinship and loyalty to relatives.  Their Gods were Norse ones; Tiw, Woden, Thor, Freya and are remembered in our days of the week-Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday.  They are also remembered in English place-names such as Tuesley in Surrey and Wednesbury in Staffordshire.

The Brits showed a strong resistance to the Saxons which culminated in the British victory around AD500  at Mons Badonicus where Geoffrey had King Arthur lead the Brits.  The Saxons moved north and were successful in taking land.Cornwall, where another branch of Henwood have been from, resisted the Saxons until the beginning of the 9th century, so it should be possible that the Henwood line was younger there than in southern England.

The language of English gets nothing from its Celtic roots but almost everything to its Germanic roots.  The Celtic language was replaced by English because the English Celts were simply wiped out or driven to the hills according to Bryan Sykes, researcher of DNA.
                                                                             

Saxons were then fighting against the Danes who had invaded and went on endlessly when King Aethelred ordered a massacre of all Danes in England in 1002.  It was an impossible task in those days but caused hysteria and violence.  The Danes living in Oxford, took refuge in a church which the citizens burned down, causing all the deaths.  The King of Denmark, Sweyn,  intervened at this attempted ethnic cleansing,  so then invaded England in 1013.  His son, Canute or Cnut, crushed the Saxon resistance in 1016 and became King of England!   He had to divide his time between Denmark and England.  Cnut died in 1035 and his son Harold took over for a few years until his death when his brother Harthacnut reined for 2 years before dying in 1042.  Then the Saxon king, Edward the Confessor, was king.  On October 14, 1066, King Harold's Saxon army were attacked by William, Duke of Normandy and his  heavy cavalry. This was the famous Norman Conquest.   Harold was killed by an arrow.  His men did not surrender but fought to the death and were all killed.  William had been given a claim to the English throne by Edward who had no children and had promised it to William.
                                                                                 

After the Norman Conquest of 1066, estates had insisted that men adopt surnames. 

 The reason given was so they could be told apart and that inheritance of land tenancies from father to son could be properly controlled.  By the end of the 13th century, the practice had spread throughout the land, and practically everyone in England had a forename and a surname.

                                                                             
"The surname Hen was first found in Sussex where the family held a family seat before the Norman Conquest of 1066.  The first Hen family lived in the parish of Heene, part of Worthing in the county of Sussex.  it could also be from HENRY.    "It's an English name, a habitational name from any of various places so named, as for example Henwood in Cornwall, in Linkinhorne parish, which is named from Old English henn ‘hen’, ‘wild bird’ + wudu ‘wood’, or Hen Wood in Wootton, Oxfordshire (formerly in Berkshire), which is named from Old English hiwan ‘religious community’ (genitive plural higna) + wudu.

Source: Dictionary of. " 13, Oxford University Press

                                                                           

The Ydna haplotype of our Henwood  whose grandfather was Charles Ernest Henwood of Hampshire is R1b1a2 or R=(M 269), now called R-L48.  It is the Western Atlantic Model Haplotype WAMH.  The farthest we have gone tracing the ancestor is  to John Henwood of 1538 in Medstead, Hampshire, England..


 Charles Ernest Henwood

1   Charles Ernest Henwood b: February 06, 1897 in Winchfield, Hartley Wintney Row, County of Hampshire, England
.. +Queenie Dorothy Disney b: December 25, 1899 in Hornchurch, Romford District,  Essex County,  England

Resource; Book:  Saxons, vikings, and Celts-the genetic roots of Britain and Ireland" by Bryan Sykes
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norman_conquest_of_England
https://www.houseofnames.com/hen-family-crest

Origins By GedMatch: Eurogenes J Test

Nadene Goldfoot
Steve's paternal grandfather was a Henwood and his grandmother was a Disney.  Steve's mother is Ashkenazi Jewish with the maiden name of Goldfoot, so his DNA reflects this. Her father was Jewish and her mother had converted.   I used the same test I had for myself and my brother. His father's parents came from England for the past hundreds of years.  .   Here are the results.  I would have guessed that 50% of his DNA or more would have been from England.

1. His largest % shows almost 1/4 of his DNA comes from North Central Europe with 23.40% North Central Europe  which lies between Eastern and Western Europe. Northern Europe is the northern part or region of Europe. Geographically, northern Europe consists of (from west to east): Iceland, the British Isles, Scandinavia, Northern Germany, Finland, the Baltic States and Northwest Russia. . His maternal ggrandmother was from Sweden.  That would be north central Europe.  That's why we have a high % here.  Also, his maternal grandparents include Goldfoot who was from Lithuania and Russia.  

Central Europe brown on left with peninsula is United Kingdom and across from it is Netherlands, and green Germany, red Poland, then Belarus, North Sea is white

2. Atlantic States is 21.31%  USA along Atlantic seaboard -recent genes.  It comprises the British Isles (Great Britain and Ireland), Iceland,Belgium, the Netherlands, the central and northern regions of Portugal, northwestern and northern Spain (including theSouthern Basque Country), the southwestern and western portion of France (including Northern Basque Country), western Scandinavia, and northern Germany.

3. Western Mediterranean countries is 12.74%  , France, Italy, Spain, Algeria, Tunisia , and for our history, most likely it was Italy as Jews from Jerusalem went there.   We connect to the famous biblical commentator, RASHI, who was from Troyes, France.

4. Ashkenazi Jewish is 10.65%.  Jews live and lived in Israel (2.8 million), Germany (200,000), Russia (194,000-500,000_ and Poland (25,000).  Our history is from these areas in the Pale of Settlement.  .                                                                                           

                                             

maternal grandfather, Maurice Goldfoot b: 1908 Oregon

Great grandfather-Nathan Goldfoot b:1870  Lithuania
Ashkenazi Jew

5. Southern Baltic States is 9.66% These are  Baltic states  as they are near the Baltic Sea.  

Northeastern region of Europe containing the countries of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, on the eastern shores of the Baltic Sea. It also includes Finland, N. Scandinavia, Romania, Belarus, It could also come from Lithuania as it is most south and the Goldfoot/Goldfus lived in Lithuania at least back to the 1700s.  .  
6. Eastern Europe is 8.96%        Regions used for statistical processing purposes by the United Nations Statistics Division which classifies Azerbaijan, Armenia, Cyprus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, and Turkey in Asia:

  Northern Europe  Scandinavia

  Western Europe  France, Germany, Austria, Czech, Poland, many Jews here

  Eastern Europe  Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Lithuania, Latvia, many Jews here

  Southern Europe  Spain, Italy, Bosnia, Serbia

His maternal great grandmother, Zlata Jermulowske, came from Lithuania and Poland with his ggrandfather  coming from Lithuania.  

7. Eastern Mediterranean is 6.88% with Israel, Turkey, Egypt, Jordan, Libya, Syria, Liberia, Greece and Cyprus, and our origins would have been Israel. 

                              

8. Western Asian countries is 4.21% The term is sometimes used for the purposes of grouping countries in  statistics. 

West Asia

The total population of Western Asia is estimated at about 300 million as of 2015.  It overlaps with Middle East excluding Egypt.  As a geographic concept, "Western Asia" includes the Levant, Mesopotamia, the Arabian peninsula, Anatolia, Iran,Armenian Highlands and South Caucasus. The Sinai Peninsula belongs to Western Asia.  Some records include "include the nations of Turkey, Iran, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Lebanon, Syria, Qatar, Kuwait, Jordan, Iraq, UAE, Saudi Arabia, Cyprus, Oman, and Yemen as part of West Asia.  Our history would come from what they call the Levant which includes Israel.  
9. Middle Eastern countries is 1.99% with Israel being our origin, and could be from the Q also originating in Turkey.  At some time in history could also come from Persia, the home of Queen Esther (Iran today).  

10. Siberian heritage  is 0.16%  This comes from his maternal grandfather, Nathan Abraham Goldfoot's Ydna of Q1b1a with origins of Siberia thousands of years ago.  We were the perfect people to come to Lithuania as Q1b1a, right out of Siberia, Mongolia, parts of Turkey, and into the Pale of Settlement held by Russia.  Of course this trip took thousands of years and I think had to have deviated into Israel around Ur in Iraq.  The % is so small because this was where it all started on the Goldfoot side so very long ago.  

                                                                 

DNA Test Received in Houston

I received notice today that the dna sample from our Henwood male is now in the lab in Houston, at Family Tree dna. They said it would take about 3 weeks for results if the processing shows good results the first time. If not it goes back to the lab and so it might take from 3 to 5 weeks for the tests to be completed. About 85% of tests on the first run are successful.

I know that my mother's father's family of Robinson came from England originally in about 1630 or so according to family oral history. Henwood is also from England, so I'm going to bet myself that the results of Henwood could also be R1b1b2, but I could be so wrong. I don't know what the haplogroups are that have been found in England, so this will be most interesting.

A report states that R1b1b2 arose around 5,000 to 8,000 years ago. So far we've only had 2 exact matches on our 12 alleles out of 19,201 people tested and 3 out of the United Kingdom out of 8,550 people tested that listed just the UK.

Henwood Name: Where From?

Our Henwood family comes from England. I've just traced the family back to a
Henry Henwood born in 1827 in Basingstoke, Hampshire, Harley Wintney, England. He was married to Sarah Unknown, also born in 1827. Harley Wintney seems to be the center of our family Henwoods.

Now a present day Henwood from this line is doing a dna test with Family Tree dna so we will know more about the origins. The results will be out in about two months.

HEN: In the book, Finding Our Fathers-a guidebook to Jewish Genealogy by Dan Rottenberg, the name Hen is listed. The reference says it is related to GRACIAN.
Under Gracian, it says: It was a prominent Spanish family descended from Judah ben Barzilai. Members lived chiefly at Barcelona from the 13th through 16th centuries. Most used the name
HEN. The Jewish Encyclopedia has 14 biographies. The name is related to NASI and TRABOT.

WOOD: This surname is related to HAYS. This was a Dutch family that emigrated to America in the early 18th century. Jewish Encyclopedia has a family tree and many biographies. They also refer to the records of Myers, Hays and Mordecai Families from 1707 to 1913. They are related to WOOD, and other names.

I'm wondering if a Hen couldn't have married a Wood and they connected the surnames such as the Spanish people do. The female doesn't drop her name but adds hers onto his.

Or, was there a sign on their home or village made of a wooden hen for identification purposes? DNA will soon tell us more. Until then, on with a paper trail and regular genealogy findings.

On familytreedna, I have joined the group of people ending with the name "Wood". We'll see if there is a connection somehow. So far, there was no Henwood group, though I know the world abounds with living Henwoods. I urge them to join the dna testing.

Post Script: September 10, 2009 at 8:56pm

A name ending with Wood might be telling us this is a geographic location of where the original people lived. the surname "Atwood" is from the Saxon "atte Wood" or at the wood.

In the 13th century most men and women in England shared the same few given names. Brian M. Scott, researcher of names, listed 21 manor held by the Abbey of Bee which showed that one of every seven men was named William and that the five most common names were:

William, Richard, John, Robert, and Hugo. They were used by 45% of the men listed.

The top 10 names accounted for 70% of the men listed.

Women's names were also common. The top six were:

Matilda, Alice, Agnes, Edith and Emma. Matilda was the most common and used by one out of six women. The top 12 were used by about 70% of the women listed.

Later surnames were needed and used and were often depicted graphically because of the high rate of illiteracy. Perhaps the first Henwoods had a wooden hen outside their home.

from ancestry.com:English: habitational name from any of various places so named, as for example Henwood in Cornwall, in Linkinhorne parish, which is named from Old English henn ‘hen’, ‘wild bird’ + wudu ‘wood’, or Hen Wood in Wootton, Oxfordshire (formerly in Berkshire), which is named from Old English hiwan ‘religious community’ (genitive plural higna) + wudu.

PPSS 9/14/09:
henfield in sussex has the following meaning nothing to do with birds or hens!
Henfield W. Sussex. Hanefeld 770, Hamfelde 1086 (DB). Probably ‘open land characterized by stones or rocks’. OE hān + feld.best wishes Gordon Lawrie in England